Defence Spending Alone Cannot Produce European Defence Integration

On the 9th and 10th of September 2025, roughly twenty Russian drones intruded upon Polish national airspace, calling for a NATO response involving air-defences from several allies – this scramble exposes how the EU relies on NATO and individual national capabilities for rapid and coordinated defences rather than a stable and unified infrastructure.

The Case for a European Security Architecture Beyond the EU’s 35 Chapters

On September 15, an unidentified drone entered Lithuanian airspace. Earlier the same day, a top Kremlin aide warned Poland that it would take just two or three days for Russia to make Poland disappear. In the first 15 days of September 2026, Germany, Denmark, Moldova, Lithuania and Poland have all lodged complaints against Russian aggression.

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